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- ItemAplicação de material de mudança de fase como armazenador de energia térmica em sistema de secagem solar(Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2021-08-30) Silva, Thiago Aurélio Arruda; Alves, Niédja Marizze Cezar; 010.043.454-10; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9661006374047977; Alves, Niédja Marizze Cezar; 010.043.454-10; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9661006374047977; Koetz, Marcio; 892.874.600-00; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8918968565917194; Oliveira, Maria da Conceição Trindade Bezerra e; 057.504.474-80; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4028199517123822; Silva, Débora Rafaelly Soares; 051.524.284-58; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8315394281217758The drying process has been employed by human beings since the dawn of civilizations and it has become essential in industrial and food preservation processes. Among the drying methods, solar drying has been commonly discussed in the literature in recent years as a sustainable and low-cost option, despite its disadvantages, especially due to its intermittent nature. As a measure to mitigate this limitation, heat storage systems are applied in solar drying in order to accumulate heat during the day and continue dehydration at night or cloudy periods. Latent accumulation has been shown to be promising through the use of so-called phase change materials. Among these products, biological materials such as vegetable waxes stand out, as they are a sustainable alternative to paraffin. Brazil, being a country with a high incidence of solar irradiation, has the potential for solar drying through heat storage. In view of this, the general objective of the present work was to study the application of biological phase change materials in solar drying, in the Brazilian Midwest region. In order to meet the specific objectives, this work was divided into three chapters, as follows: Chapter 01 – assess the feasibility of using biological phase change materials in solar drying systems; Chapter 02 – evaluate the performance of a solar dryer with a latent heat thermal energy storage system, based on biological material; Chapter 03 – determine the drying kinetics curves of native product, with latent heat accumulation in solar drying and recommend a better fit mathematical model. The first study evaluated the use of type 3 carnauba, soy, palm and paraffin waxes as latent heat storage. Palm wax proved to be more promising for this purpose, with a melting temperature range more adjusted to solar drying, accumulating 239.04 J per gram of product. The second chapter addressed the construction and evaluation of the thermal performance of a conventional indirect solar dryer and one with heat storage, based on palm wax. In this, the dryer with thermal storage system, presented, on the day of best performance, the maximum temperature of 82.7 °C, average thermal efficiency of 103.97% and average mass efficiency of 67.68%. In the third chapter, nine mathematical models were adjusted to the data of drying kinetics of cashew nuts, in a solar dryer with thermal energy storage, using palm wax, and in a conventional indirect solar dryer. The Diffusion Approximation model better fit the drying curves of the first equipment, while Cavalcanti and Mata's model fits the second one. On June 15th and 16th, the dryer with storage showed higher estimated drying rates than the dryer with the absence of this thermal mechanism. Finally, the drying method, with thermal energy storage, based on biological phase change materials, demonstrated superior characteristics to paraffin, especially with regard to palm wax. This wax had a greater adaptation to the climatic conditions of the Midwest Region. The dryer with palm wax presented better performance, being possible to be used in products from family farming.
- ItemAtributos físicos, fisiológicos e sanitários de sementes de cártamo submetidas a condições de colheita, tratamento e armazenamento(Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2015-12-12) Cláudio, Aguinaldo Antonio; Alves, Niédja Marizze Cezar; 010.043.454-10; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9661006374047977; Polizel, Analy Castilho; 038.896.476-69; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0565510253501855; Polizel, Analy Castilho; 038.896.476-69; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0565510253501855; Alves, Niédja Marizze Cezar; 010.043.454-10; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9661006374047977; Sousa, Helon Hébano de Freitas; 921.030.733-04; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0260028844768887The Safflower (Cartamos tinctorius L.), can be an alternative source for renewable energy production that generates less impact to the environment as well as being a culture that can be used in human and animal food. There are few studies in the literature brasilian, about the potential of this culture. This study aimed to evaluate different conditions of harvest, treatment and storage of safflower seeds as to the physical, physiological and sanitary attributes. The experiment was conduted in Soil and Crop Production and bromatology Laboratories of the Federal University of Mato Grosso, Campus Rondonópolis. The Safflower seeds used were haversted in July 2014 in Primavera do Leste- MT. The experimental design was completely randomized design (CRD) were performed, with five replications in factorial scheme 5x2 (temperatures and packaging), 2x2 (crop rotations and cultivars) and 5x5 (doses of fungicide and storage period). The following tests were performed for evaluation of the physical attributes of the seeds: water content in the seed, weight of a thousand seeds and hectoliter weight. To evaluate the physiological attributes were performed germination, tetrazolium, accelerated aging, seedling length and electrical conductivity of the seed. To evaluate the sanitary attribute was performed "Blotter" test. Analysis of variance were made using F test and the averages were compared using Tukey test at 5% probability. The paper packaging, at the temperature of 20° C, provided greater conservation of the seed. The rotation of 692 rpm resulted in higher mechanical damage to the seeds.
- ItemCulturas anuais e de cobertura na safrinha em sucessão à soja em plantio direto : fitomassa, ciclagem de nutrientes e produtividade de grãos(Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2020-02-20) Greco, Tássia Maira; Pacheco, Leandro Pereira; 986.520.871-72; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4926743824358076; Pacheco, Leandro Pereira; 986.520.871-72; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4926743824358076; Alves, Niédja Marizze Cezar; 010.043.454-10; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9661006374047977; Cabral, Carlos Eduardo Avelino; 019.717.471-06; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6739111102181898Brazil is the second largest producer of soybeans in the world, with 116 million tons, with the increase in demand, the increase in productivity becomes fundamental. The no-tillage system (SPD) is an alternative to the sustainability of agricultural production, as it promotes greater efficiency in the soil-plant-atmosphere system, favors soil fertility and the development of crops. The practice of crop rotation is the main obstacle to SPD, due to the predominance of cultivation in succession of crops with soy in the summer and corn in the off-season. In this way, the objective of the work was to identify alternatives for annual crops and cover for succession of soybeans, therefore, the study evaluated the production and decomposition of phytomass, nutrient cycling and increase in crop productivity in succession. The experiment was conducted at the Federal University of Mato Grosso – UFMT, University Campus of Rondonópolis, in the 2014/2015 to 2018/2019 seasons. The area's soil is classified as an Oxisol. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, with nine production systems, sown in safrinha, and with four replications each, totaling 36 experimental plots. Collections of phytomass and nutrient accumulation took place at 0, 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days after desiccation. Soybean productivity in succession was positively influenced by all treatments, except for fallows and S8. The systems intercropped with parallel corn have the largest accumulations of phytomass. A synchronization of nutrient release with the demand of the crop in succession reflected directly in the production results. Legume systems accumulate more nitrogen, while the use of sunflower increases the accumulation of potassium. Systems with U.ruziziensis were produced in the production of phytomass and in the cycling of nitrogen and phosphorus.
- ItemCulturas anuais e de cobertura no manejo de plantas daninhas em sistemas de produção de grãos(Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2021-08-20) Silva, Ivan David Ferreira; Pacheco, Leandro Pereira; 986.520.871-72; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4926743824358076; Pacheco, Leandro Pereira; 986.520.871-72; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4926743824358076; Alves, Niédja Marizze Cezar; 010.043.454-10; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9661006374047977; Cabral, Carlos Eduardo Avelino; 019.717.471-06; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6739111102181898In the cultivation of grains such as soybeans, weeds can cause productivity losses due to competition from natural resources and even difficulty in harvesting grains. The no-tillage system can provide the agroecosystem with the suppression of weeds by the phytomass layer that covers the soil, in addition to being associated with nutrient cycling, water use efficiency, among others. The objective of this work was to identify annual and cover crops that promote weed suppression and increase in grain yield in soybean production systems under no-tillage in the consolidation phase. The experiment was installed at the Federal University of Mato Grosso, Rondonópolis university campus. For this work, the harvests of 2017/2018, 2018/19, 2019/2020 and 2020/21 were analyzed. The soil in the area is classified as Oxisol. The reserarch was conducted in a randomized block design, with nine production systems sown in the off-season, and with four replications each, totaling 36 experimental plots. The treatments were, MC1: Fallow + no-tillage (PD); MC2: Fallow + conventional preparation (PC); CS1: C. spectabilis; CS2: P. glaucum; CS3: U. ruziziensis; CS4: C. cajan; IC1: Corn+C. spectabilis; IC2: Corn+U. ruziziensis. MIX: Mix: P. glaucum + C. spectabilis + C. cajan + U. ruziziensis; IC2: Corn+U. ruziziensis. The analyzed variables were phytomass of cover crops (kg ha-1 ), soil cover rate (%), weed population (plants/m²), dry phytomass of weeds (kg ha-1 ), control of weed infestation. weeds (%), weed infestation (%) and soybean yield (kg ha-1 ).All were implemented after the soybean harvest, consisting of fallow, annual and cover crops (single and intercropping). The results demonstrate that the use of annual and cover crops in off-season is an efficient tool in the integrated management of weeds. Treatments CS2, CS3 and MIX showed potential to reduce infestation and development of invasive species during the off-season, in addition to significant increases in soybean grain yield sown in succession.
- ItemResistência à força de compressão e análise de raio X das sementes de algodão(Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2019-02-26) Martins, Myllena Teixeira; Mion, Renildo Luiz; 034.525.757-05; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8030830142710133; Mion, Renildo Luiz; 034.525.757-05; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8030830142710133; Alves, Niédja Marizze Cezar; 010.043.454-10; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9661006374047977; Oliveira, Hilton Morbeck de; 142.212.171-20; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8365693598806255; Nascimento, Kelly Juliane Telles; 991.419.811-20; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8307885141367986Cotton is one of the main growing crops in Brazil and in the world, so we continually seek to increase productivity and improve fiber quality. The parameters of fiber quality are affected by the presence of contaminants, especially the seed coat fragments (SCF) that cause great problems in the textile industry during the spinning and dyeing of the fabric. SCFs are parts of seed coatings that have been broken off from the surface of mature or immature seeds during mechanical processing. There are few studies that indicate the possible causes of the origin of these contaminants, being it can be genetic or due to the mechanical processes. The objective of this study was to correlate the compression force with the x-ray analyzes of cotton seeds. The cotton varieties used were: FM 940 GLT, IMA 7201 B2RF, IMA 6501 B2RF, TMG 47 B2RF, IMA 2140, IMA 2129, IMA 7501 WS, and FM 975 WS. The compression test was carried out in the electrotechnical laboratory of the Federal University of Rondonópolis, with the aid of a universal testing machine. For this, each sample remained for 7 days inside a BOD with relative humidity at 65% ± 2 and temperature at 20 ° C ± 1. During the compression test, the seeds were placed horizontally between parallel plates and each seed was analyzed individually. The force and strain data were obtained through the break point of the curve formed during the test. Then, radiographic images of the cotton seeds were produced by the X-ray equipment LX-60 of the Faxitron X-Ray Corporation in the Laboratory of Seed Analysis of the Federal Goiano-Rio Verde Institute. Afterwards, the images were analyzed in the Tomato Analyzer and ImageJ software to verify the free space between the integument and the area containing the embryonic and cotyledon axis and to measure the thickness of the integument, respectively. The experimental design was completely random, with eight treatments and four replicates of 25 seeds, totaling 32 plots. The results were submitted to analysis of variance, and the means comparison was done by the Scott-Knott test at 5% of probability using the SISVAR program and finally the Pearson correlation was applied between the analyzed variables. It was concluded that there was a positive correlation between the rupture force and the thickness of the seed coat and between the density and the free area inside the seeds. Thus, seeds with thicker tegument are more resistant to fragmentation and the density is associated with the quality and volume of the seeds and consequently with their internal filling that is determined according to the degree of development of the embryonic axis and cotyledon.
- ItemSementes de soja tratadas com formulações de biorreguladores(Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2021-03-15) Balduino, Ana Carolina Campos; Alves, Niédja Marizze Cezar; 010.043.454-10; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9661006374047977; Polizel, Analy Castilho; 038.896.476-69; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0565510253501855; Polizel, Analy Castilho; 038.896.476-69; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0565510253501855; Alves, Niédja Marizze Cezar; 010.043.454-10; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9661006374047977; Koetz, Marcio; 892.874.600-00; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8918968565917194; Felisberto, Guilherme; 405.622.348-37; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8985714476272486The soybean is a crop of high economic importance for the world, being one of the most exported agricultural products from Brazil, and to meet this demand each year the soybean farming has achieved high productivity using technologies such as seed treatment with bioregulators. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate the physiological quality of soybean seeds treated with different formulations containing bioregulators, and to verify how the use of these substances via seed treatment affects the development of soybean seedlings. The experiment was conducted in the city of Rondonópolis-MT in the seed laboratory of the Federal University of Rondonópolis, and in the greenhouse of the company Fast Agro. In the vegetation house the seeds were distributed in sand substrate and the evaluation was performed seven days after sowing, quantifying the germination percentage, emergence speed index and dry matter of the aerial part. In laboratory, the seeds were placed on paper substrate, 3 days after sowing, as normal seedlings, they were evaluated for total length, shoot and root, dry matter of shoot, root and total. The germination parameter was also obtained in percentage. For the experiments the soybean cultivar TMG-2185 IPRO was used and the treatments were organized into 25 formulations of bioregulators, each formulation containing different concentrations of kinetin, gibberellic acid, AIB, and substance S (confidential), a control and a formulation C (confidential). The experimental design entirely randomized with 27 treatments and 4 repetitions. The bioregulator applied via seeds increased the vigor of soybean seedlings showing positive effects on their development and significant increases in the variables seedling length and dry matter for products 9 (0.001 g of kinetin; 0.001 g of gibberellic acid; 0.001 g of IAB; and 0.3 g of substance S), 18 (0.004 g of kinetin; 0.002 g of gibberellic acid; 0.002 g of IAB; and 0.2 g of substance S), 21 (0.002 g of kinetin; 0.002 g of gibberellic acid; 0.00 g of IAB; and 0.2 g of substance S), and 26 (substance C). It was concluded that the tested bioregulators did not interfere in the germination of seeds, product 12 (0.003 g of kinetin, 0.003 g of gibberellic acid, 0.001 g of AIB, and 0.3 g of substance S) presented inhibitory effect on the growth of the root system, treatment 26 composed of formulation C was the bioregulator that most benefited the development of seedlings, product formulation 19 composed of 0, 002 g of kinetin, 0 g of gibberellic acid, 0.002 g of AIB and 0.2 g of substance S reduced the percentage of emergence and the rate of emergence of seedlings, and that the concentration of substance S of 0.3 g in the formulation of products 10, 11, 13, 16 and 0.2 g in products 18, 19, 20, 21, and 22, provided greater root length of soybean seedlings cultivar TMG-2185 IPRO.
- ItemSistemas de produção de soja em plantio direto com calagem superficial e seus efeitos na dinâmica de nematoides, atributos químicos e biológicos do solo(Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2020-07-31) Silva, Rayane Gabriel da; Pacheco, Leandro Pereira; 986.520.871-72; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4926743824358076; Pacheco, Leandro Pereira; 986.520.871-72; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4926743824358076; Alves, Niédja Marizze Cezar; 010.043.454-10; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9661006374047977; Silva, Rosangela Aparecida da; 571.841.601-00; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3915044736319078The indiscriminate adoption of superficial liming can cause imbalances in the chemical and biological attributes of soil, nematode dynamics and crop yields, the intensity of which depends on the limestone rate and the production system adopted. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of superficial liming in long-term no-tillage production systems on the chemical and biological attributes of soil, nematode populations and soybean and off-season corn yields in the 10th and 11th year of experiment conduction. The experiment was installed in the 2008/2009 seasons crop in Itiquira – Mato Grosso State, in Cerrado dystrophic Red Latosol (Oxisol) with clay texture. The experimental design used was complete randomized blocks with treatments arranged in a split plot design, with four replications. The plots were consisted of three production systems (monoculture, succession and crop rotation) and the subplots by four rates of superficial dolomitic limestone (0.0; 2.0; 4.0 and 8.0 Mg ha-1). Results were submitted to univariate and multivariate analysis of variance, comparing the averages of production systems by Tukey test (p<0.05) and limestone rates analyzed by regression. The succession of soybean-millet and crop rotation provided higher levels of exchangeable calcium and magnesium and resulted in higher biological quality soil (organic matter and β-glucosidase and arylsulfatase enzyme activities) in the 0.0-0.1 m layer compared to soybean monoculture. Crop rotation favored higher soybean yields and proved to be efficient in reducing viable and unviable and female Heterodera glycines cysts in soil and root, however, it was not effective in reducing the Helicotylenchus spp. populations. The increase in limestone rates decreased the soybeans yield and Pratylenchus brachyurus and Helicotylenchus spp. populations and increased the viable and unviable and female cysts of H. glycines in the soil and soybean root.