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Desenvolvimento inicial de variedades de cana-de-açúcar em latossolo do cerrado mato-grossense submetidas a níveis de compactação do solo
(Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2012-03-23) Fagundes, Eliane Aparecida Antunes; Silva, Tonny José Araújo da; 781.203.064-49; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0651075688988405; Wielewski, Gladys Denise; 502.478.161-91; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4154014326253864; Palaro, Luzia Aparecida; 425.029.429-34; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8628905889561788; Silva, Aparecida Augusta da; 572.295.111-00; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6315522947587402
The replacement of manual harvesting of sugar cane (Saccharum L.) by mechanized demands researches related to the development of genotypes that develop and produce well under conditions of greater soil compaction. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of compaction on the initial growth and development of sugarcane varities with compaction levels in Dystrophic Red cerrado of Mato Grosso. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area at the Federal University of Mato Grosso, campus of Rondonópolis, in a greenhouse with a randomized block design consisting of 3X5 scheme factorial and corresponding to varieties and compaction levels respectively and four replicates, from September to december/2012. It was studied the varieties RB002504, RB867515 and RB931011 into five levels of soil compaction (1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6 and 1.8 Mg m-3). The variables evaluated were: number of tillers, number of leaves, leaf area, fresh and dry weight of leaves, length and diameter of culms, fresh and dry mass of culms, plant height, root fresh weight, root dry weight, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content and comsumption of water. For qualitative variables it was used the Turkey test for comparison of means and for quantitative variables regression analyzes, both until 5% probability. The increase of soil density influenced the early development of the three varieties of sugar cane studied. The variety RB002504 produces more tillers, leaves and greater leaf area and highlighting in the density 1.8 Mg m-3 in dry and fresh leaves. The variety RB867515 features larger diameter, root dry weight and stomatal conductance and variety RB931011 showed better results in variables: fresh and dry mass of stems, plant height, length and stalk diameter and chlorophyll content.
Cinza vegetal como corretivo e fertilizante para os capins marandu e xaraés
(Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2012-11-20) Santos, Claudia Cardoso dos; Silva, Tonny José Araújo da; 781.203.064-49; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0651075688988405; Koetz, Marcio; 892.874.600-00; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8918968565917194; Silva, Edna Maria Bonfim da; 960.432.454-34; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8660058048761423; Silva, Edna Maria Bonfim da; 960.432.454-34; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8660058048761423; Polizel, Analy Castilho; 038.896.476-69; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0565510253501855; Koetz, Marcio; 892.874.600-00; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8918968565917194; Guimarães, Geovane Lima; 684.690.805-63; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6882737457949719; Silva, Tonny José Araújo da; 781.203.064-49; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0651075688988405
The vegetable ash appears as an option for owning fertilizer nutrients needed by plants that can optimize the productivity and quality of grasslands. The objective was to evaluate the production characteristics, structural and nutritional Brachiaria brizantha cultivars Marandu and Xaraés in response to doses of vegetable ash. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Federal University of Mato Grosso, Campus Rondonopolis, MT. In the period from August to December 2011. The completely randomized design, consisting of a 6x2 factorial design, plant gray doses: 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 g dm-3 and two grasses with six replications. We used pots with a capacity of 7 dm-3 of soil. Soil moisture was maintained by the gravimetric method while maintaining the ability to 60% of maximum capacity. We carried out three sections of the shoots of Brachiaria brizantha at intervals of 30 days. The SPAD readings were taken every 30 days from the seeding of Brachiaria with the use of portable meter of chlorophyll content ClorofiLOG 1030. The structural productive characteristics were evaluated and nutritional: plant height, leaf number, tiller number, leaf dry, culm dry, shoot dry, root dry, relation leaf culm relation of shoot and root dry; SPAD readings, soil pH, efficient use of vegetable ash concentrations of macro and micronutrients in shoots and roots of grasses and Marandu Xaraés. All results were submitted to ANOVA and regression Tukey mean test at 5% probability, using the statistical program Sisvar. Thus, doses of vegetable ash that provided the maximum production of shoots are between 7 and 15 g dm- 3 in the three periods. Considering the whole evaluation period, there was an increase in soil pH units from 4.36 to 6.26. There is a more efficient use of the vegetable ash to produce aerial of grasses evaluated The highest concentrations of macro and micronutrients in shoots and roots of grasses are among Marandu and Xaraés are among vegetable ash levels 4 and12 g dm-3 for evaluated in three cut. However, the vegetable ash has a positive12 influence on the yield characteristics, structural and nutritional grasses and Marandu Xaraés.
Feijão guandu adubado com fosfato natural e utilizado como adubo verde para o cultivo de milho em latossolo de Cerrado
(Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2012-11-22) Farias, Lorraine do Nascimento; Silva, Edna Maria Bonfim da; 960.432.454-34; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8660058048761423; Silva, Edna Maria Bonfim da; 960.432.454-34; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8660058048761423; Souza, Alexandre Lima de; 816.861.706-10; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2182780077626286; Guimarães, Salomão Lima; 925.317.505-25; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9250168755115649; Guimarães, Geovane Lima; 684.690.805-63; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6882737457949719; Silva, Tonny José Araújo da; 781.203.064-49; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0651075688988405; Polizel, Analy Castilho; 038.896.476-69; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0565510253501855
The cerrado soil has major limitations in the availability of phosphorus to plants, requiring the management of mineral fertilizers and green manure. Thus, the objective was to: a) evaluate the pigeonpea, fertilized with phosphorus sources, lime and inoculated with rhizobia, as green manure in cerrado Oxisol b) verify the relative agronomic efficiency of reactive natural phosphate with that of triple superphosphate; c) assess the availability of nutrients in the soil, after incubation of biomass of pigeonpea d) to study the residual effect of pigeonpea as green manure in SPAD index and the productive characteristics of corn grown in succession. The study was conducted in a greenhouse in a design was completely randomized in 3x2x2 factorial with six replications. Phosphorus sources were evaluated: triple superphosphate, reactive natural phosphate and treatment without phosphorus, presence and absence of lime, and the presence and absence of inoculation. The seeds of pigeonpea cv. BRS Mandarin were inoculated with mixtures of two strains of Bradyrhizobium japonicum, and cultured for a period of 107 days after sowing. The variables analyzed were: number of leave, SPAD index, nodule number, dry weight of nodule, shoot and root. The land was returned to the vessels of their respective treatments. The plant material was ground, and 5 grams were taken samples of the dry mass of shoot and root portion for the determination of macronutrient (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S). The other samples were returned to the pots and incubated for 90 days. After this period, samples were taken from 200 g of soil to determination of macronutrient (K, Ca, Mg and S). Then, we performed the seeding of the corn hybrid AG 1051 grown for 60 days after sowing. The variables analyzed were: SPAD index, shoot dry mass and root. The pigeonpea is directly influenced by phosphorus fertilization and liming in cerrado Oxisol. The reactive rock phosphate, compared to superphosphate has good agronomic efficiency. The availability of nutrients in the soil is greater with pigeonpea fertilized with triple superphosphate in the presence of lime and inoculated with rhizobia. Best match of dry matter production of16 maize shoots is obtained with triple superphosphate in the presence and absence of lime. Best match of dry matter production of corn root is obtained with triple superphosphate and reactive phosphate in the presence of lime.
Melão rendilhado em ambiente protegido submetido à doses de nitrogênio e potássio em Rondonópolis-MT
(Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2012-12-11) Silva, Matheus de Carvalho; Silva, Edna Maria Bonfim da; 960.432.454-34; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8660058048761423; Silva, Tonny José Araújo da; 781.203.064-49; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0651075688988405; Silva, Tonny José Araújo da; 781.203.064-49; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0651075688988405; Silva, Edna Maria Bonfim da; 960.432.454-34; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8660058048761423; Pires, Regina Célia de Matos; 068.562.138-32; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2401754546708942
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the growth, yield, quality and water use efficiency of muskmelon under the effects of nitrogen and potassium. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Federal University of Mato Grosso / University Campus Rondonópolis from April to July 2012. The soil used was from the topsoil (0-20 cm) of an Oxisol collected in an area of native vegetation. The experimental design was randomized blocks. Each plot was represented by a plastic pot with 15 dm3 of soil. Treatments consisted of five levels of nitrogen (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 mg dm-3) and five doses of potassium (0, 80, 160, 240 and 320 mg dm-3) in 5x5 factorial design, resulting in 25 treatments with 4 replicates, totaling 100 plots. Quantitative variables were: stem diameter, number of leaves, SPAD index, leaf area, shoot dry weight. The volume of water consumed was also evaluating addition of qualitative variables: plant production, longitudinal and transverse circumference of the fruit, fruit shape, flesh thickness, titratable acidity, soluble solids and total maturation index. The of water use efficiency was also calculated. For treatments statistical program was used SISVAR with analysis of variance and regression to 5% probability. In analyzing the results it was found that the growth and development of the plant of melon interaction doses of 320 mg dm-3 of potassium and 160 mg dm-3 of nitrogen, provided the best combination of doses results and provided the highest production fresh fruit for each liter of water used was 120N 160K and 160N 160K.
Genótipos de soja resistentes à ferrugem, oriundos de germoplasma com ampla base genética
(Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2012-12-13) Souza, Débora Santana de Matos; Silva, Edna Maria Bonfim da; 960.432.454-34; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8660058048761423; Polizel, Analy Castilho; 038.896.476-69; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0565510253501855; Polizel, Analy Castilho; 038.896.476-69; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0565510253501855; Guimarães, Salomão Lima; 925.317.505-25; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9250168755115649; Koetz, Marcio; 892.874.600-00; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8918968565917194; Hamawaki, Osvaldo Toshiyuki; 209.679.346-72; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9968435526825444
The objective of this study was to develop cultivars that have high grain productivity, along with other characteristics that optimize its production, as resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. This experiment was carried out in an experimental field in the Mato Grosso Federal University (UFMT), in the municipality of Rondonópolis, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The tests were settled in randomized block designs having three repetitions. 57 soybean genotypes from the Uberlândia Federal University were evaluated, being 24 lineages and three witnesses of medium early/medium cycle and 25 lineages and five witnesses of medium late/late cycle. The tests were performed in duplicity, being one of them subject to treatment with fungicide and another one with no treatment. The variables analyzed were: severity and number of pustules cm2 of the Asian rust (AACPD), chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, number of days for blooming, plant height under maturation, and insertion of the first pod, grain productivity, 100-grain weight, number of pods per plant, and grain per pod. The results were subject to analysis of variance by means of the statistics program Sisvar, developed by the Lavras Federal University. The materials that stood out in the test of medium early/medium cycle were UFUS 13 and the witness Richness, which displayed more resistance to the pathogen, while genotype UFUS 02 stood out the characters plant height, insertion into the first pod, grain percentage and productivity. As to the semi late/late cycle test lineages UFUS 006 and UFUS 023 showed better performances related to plant height under maturation, productivity, 100-seed weight, seed percentage and resistance to Asian rust.
Inseticidas químicos e extratos vegetais aquosos no controle de Sitophilus zeamais em grãos de milho sob condições de armazenamento
(Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2012-12-13) Vilarinho, Marcella Karoline Cardoso; Silva, Tonny José Araújo da; 781.203.064-49; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0651075688988405; Silva, Tonny José Araújo da; 781.203.064-49; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0651075688988405; Marsaro Junior, Alberto Luiz; 011.210.647-10; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2203759552840006; Caneppele, Carlos; 295.224.809-59; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7689840272452622
The Sitophilus spp. is a major pest of stored grain, which is controlled by the use of chemical insecticides, but their indiscriminate use has been causing a lot of undesirable factors to humans and to the environment. And so as a less harmful alternative, natural insecticides come as an option for combating the insects, which simultaneously decrease the risk of damage to the environment. The study was carried at the Institute of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, campus of Rondonópolis at the Federal University of Mato Grosso, in the period of March to September, 2012. The experiment was performed under three different conditions. The experiment consisted of three environments: AI-temperature and humidity, humidity control, AII, and AIII-control humidity and temperature. AIII maintained at ambient temperature was 25.1 ° C and humidity 70 % (average), the latter being also held in the environment variable AII. The aqueous extracts were obtained by addition of post-plant garlic, lemongrass and neem in distilled water at a ratio of 5 g per 100 ml, and dosages of chemical insecticides were 0.04 and 0.15 ml/100 ml water for Deltamethrin and Chlorpyrifos respectively. Treatments were added to the corn grains placed in glass containers of 2.5 L (plots) and mixed by manual agitation until a uniform, being removed the excess product to avoid higher concentration at certain points. Each experimental unit was infested with 20 adults of Sitophilus spp. not sexed. The experiment was maintained without reinfestation of insects. The grains were stored for a period of 90 days in the three storage environments. The variables analyzed were: counting insects, water content in the grains, electrical conductivity and germination test. At the end of the experiment was also evaluated the qualitative loss of grain weight and specific gravity. The variables were analyzed every 30 days of the experiment, with three periods (30, 60 and 90 days). The analyzes were obtained using Tukey at 5 % probability. On day 30 we observed high efficiency of chemical insecticides Chlorpyrifos and Deltamethrin in control of Sitophilus spp. in the three storage environments. But it was noticeable that the natural insecticide were not effective in controlling insects, which can be confirmed in the qualitative evaluation at the end of the experiment. The high number of insects caused further damage to beans and alter the values of electrical conductivity and water content in the grains. The observed relationship between lower bulk density, with the highest percentages of water content in the grains and number of insects Germination was reduced in all treatments in all three environments, and may infer that the adverse storage conditions may have influenced this fall.
Tratamento de imagens orbitais e suborbitais para caracterização ambiental da cabeceira do Rio São Lourenço-MT
(Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2012-12-14) Cândido, Anny Keli Aparecida Alves; Barbosa, Domingos Sávio; 702.907.921-34; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6896725721269796; Silva, Normandes Matos da; 614.673.591-49; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2644207249389541; Silva, Normandes Matos da; 614.673.591-49; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2644207249389541; Sturza, José Adolfo Iriam; 364.728.320-72; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1160588187827811; Castelo Branco, Kalinka Regina Lucas Jaquie; 255.880.458-82; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3559042497669898
The thesis has been divided into two chapters. In the first chapter aimed to identify potential environmental changes that occurred over a period of 26 years. For this we used satellite imagery scenes of Landsat TM 5 of 1985, 1997 and 2011, for procedures supervised classification by region, with the maximum likelihood algorithm. From these images, we obtained maps of NDVI from the subtraction of wavelengths near infrared and red, divided by the sum of the ratio of wavelengths of near infrared and red spectrum. In mapping land use, it was found that over 80% of the watershed area is allocated to agriculture. The reduced class savannah and forest class increased over the years analyzed. The NDVI showed areas that were appropriately with little plant biomass, differing areas with dense vegetation cover. Regarding the detection of degraded areas in the watershed, there was a demo unit of ecological restoration (UDRE), established in 2010, in terms of spectral response, obtained via NDVI, is similar to the class agriculture. It is believed that this area of permanent preservation degraded in the recovery phase, tends to become similar areas with dense vegetation, over the next few years. The second is a chapter emphasized the treatment of aerial photographs of high spatial resolution, obtained by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), aiming at environmental characterization of the watershed is located where the headwaters of the St. Lawrence River. We tested several routines supervised classification and unsupervised pixel by pixel and by region, using two Geographic Information Systems. The supervised classification by region segmentation 20 and 200 of area similarity, showed statistical similarity with the conventional procedure performed by photointerpretation. The techniques presented in this research will be useful for jobs that involve monitoring of degraded areas, bringing effective contribution to setting the methodological route plan reclamation prevailing in the state of Mato Grosso.
Cultura do milho submetida a tensões de água no solo e doses de nitrogênio
(Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2012-12-17) Schlichting, Alessana Franciele; Koetz, Marcio; 892.874.600-00; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8918968565917194; Koetz, Marcio; 892.874.600-00; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8918968565917194; Silva, Edna Maria Bonfim da; 960.432.454-34; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8660058048761423; Gomes Filho, Raimundo Rodrigues; 218.253.273-00; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9248687124030673
Nitrogen fertilization combined with water availability are the most important factors for the development of corn, so the objective was to check the present study the influence of soil water stress and nitrogen fertilization in maize, in Oxisol. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Federal University of Mato Grosso, Campus Rondonópolis. We used a randomized block design in a factorial 5x5, corresponding to five soil water stress (15, 25, 35, 45 and 55 kPa) and five doses of nitrogen (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg dm-3) with four replications, totaling 25 treatments, a total of 100 plots. The experimental units were represented by plastic pots of 18 dm3 soil. The corn hybrid used in the experiment was the DKB 390 PRO, classified as simple hybrid. Harvesting and evaluations were performed at 122 days after emergence, where the characteristics evaluated were: plant height, stem diameter, number of tassel branches, leaf dry weight, stem dry weight, dry weight tassel, dry shoot, root dry weight, height, first ear, cob with straw, cob without straw, cob dry weight, ear length and weight of 100 grains. Results were subjected to analysis of variance and regression testing, being used to this, statistical programs. In assessments where significant interaction occurred, the smallest voltages between 15 and 25 kPa, allied fertilizations 100-150 mg dm-3 nitrogen, provided the best results. The soil water tension of 55 kPa, was more damaging to the development of corn.
Lâminas de água e adubação nitrogenada no crescimento e produção de gladíolos
(Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2012-12-18) Porto, Rebeca de Andrade; Silva, Edna Maria Bonfim da; 960.432.454-34; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8660058048761423; Koetz, Marcio; 892.874.600-00; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8918968565917194; Koetz, Marcio; 892.874.600-00; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8918968565917194; Silva, Edna Maria Bonfim da; 960.432.454-34; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8660058048761423; Gomes Filho, Raimundo Rodrigues; 218.253.273-00; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9248687124030673; Silva, Tonny José Araújo da; 781.203.064-49; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0651075688988405
The gladiolus also known as Palma or Palma-de-Santa-Rita is a cut flower very common used for home decoration. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of replacement blades of water to field capacity (50, 75, 100, 125, 150%) and doses of nitrogen (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 mg dm-3) on the yield behavior of the culture in a protected environment. The specie studied was the Gladiolus x grandiflorus L., and its variety was Whitefriendship. The design was randomized blocks in 5x5 factorial design with four replications, totaling twenty and five treatments. The growth and yield of gladiolus was characterized by the variables: number of leaves, plant height, spike floral and floral stem length, number and diameter of flowers, floral stem dry matter, total dry weight, SPAD reading, stomatal conductance, number of days to silking and flowering, diameter and weight of bulbs, number and weight of bulblets. Results were submitted to analysis of variance by 5% probability by the F test, Pearson correlation and polynomial regression, using statistical software as Sisvar and Sanest for data analysis. It was observed effects of nitrogen fertilization only for variable dry flower stem weight. For replacement blades of water responses were significant for all parameters analysed. The irrigation management with replacement of the water levels above 75% of field capacity gave for the floral stem length a rating for commercial purposes. For the number of flowers replacement blades of water up of 100% provide commercial superior classification. The replacement blades of water up to 69% have produced bulbs with diameters of better yield potential. There was no need for nitrogen fertilization in the culture of gladiolus in Dystrophic Red soil from Savannah with the size of the plated bulb.
Unidade demonstrativa de restauração ecológica introduzida em agroecossistema degradado, no Alto Rio São Lourenço, Campo Verde-MT
(Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2012-12-18) Souza, William Pietro de; Silva, Normandes Matos da; 614.673.591-49; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2644207249389541; Silva, Normandes Matos da; 614.673.591-49; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2644207249389541; Oliveira, Hilton Morbeck de; 142.212.171-20; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8365693598806255; Pivello, Vania Regina; 053.419.928-30; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4281923164086080
Mato Grosso has one third of its area or degraded in the process of progressive degradation, which represents around 33 million hectares. The aim of the study was to evaluate the potential of seed rain and “seed muvuca” (nucleation techniques) to support the establishment of demonstration units for ecological restoration (UDRE), in an environment where extensive grazing predominates at high São Lourenço, in Campo Verde, southeastern Mato Grosso. To evaluate the production of seed rain in three forest fragments, located in the rural area, the installation took place fifteen collectors made with PVC pipes and nylon fabric (mesh 1 mm × 1 mm) with 1 m², suspended to 80cm from the ground. The material was collected monthly and the seeds were separated and quantified as the dispersion syndrome, lifestyle and stage succession. It was determined the density and absolute frequency diversity index and evenness. Already on a stretch of Permanent Preservation Areas degraded tested the manual planting "seeds muvuca" as environmental remediation technique. This planting was organized into four treatments, which differed in terms of seed size and presence / absence of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) as a buffer zone. The field data were georeferenced and compose a database hosted on geographic geographic information system (GIS). Regarding the seed rain were obtained 3622 seeds, belonging to 74 taxa. Most of the seeds collected are dispersed by wind (74%). Aiming the process of forest recovery, are cited as important taxa for reforestation in the region of Capim Branco (Campo Verde-MT): Tachigali rubiginosa, Siparuna guianensis, Nectandra sp., Cordia alliodora, Alibertia sp., Terminalia brasiliensis and Myrcia sp. representatives of groups of trees that showed the highest yields and the abundance of seeds in the seed rain. Regarding the muvuca planting of seeds, the species that showed better growth rate were Enterolobium contortisiliquum, Dipteryx alata, Sterculia chicha and Copaifera langsdorfii. These species have the potential to be used in the method of regeneration by direct seeding. The use of pigeon pea was not efficient for values increases germination, survival and percentage of individuals established. The technique of planting “seed muvuca” manual was feasible to be adopted in the recovery of degraded areas of permanent preservation, especially for small territorial extensions.
Metodologia de avaliação a Pratylenchus brachyurus e reação de genótipos de soja aos nematoides das galhas e das lesões
(Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2012-12-19) Santos, Tânia de Fátima Silveira dos; Polizel, Analy Castilho; 038.896.476-69; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0565510253501855; Polizel, Analy Castilho; 038.896.476-69; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0565510253501855; Guimarães, Salomão Lima; 925.317.505-25; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9250168755115649; Ribeiro, Neucimara Rodrigues; 020.646.919-52; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9396749796410460
Along with the expansion of soybean plantation, new problems came up as well, such as diseases caused by phytonematodes. Gall nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) and (P. brachyurus) constitute two of the most important groups of nematodes for the crop. Due to the importance of these pathogens and the divergence in methodologies for the evaluation of tests to Pratylenchus spp., this paper aimed to evaluate methodologies of assembling and evaluation of tests to P. brachyurus as well as evaluate the reaction of soybean genotypes to P. brachyurus, M. javanica and M. incognita. The experiments were conducted in a greenhouse at Aprosmat, in the municipality of Rondonópolis, State of Mato Grosso, from March to November 2012. For the experiment testing methology, the experimental design was entirely at random, in factorial scheme 5x4, corresponding to five initial population levels of nematodes (0, 300, 600, 900 and 1,200 specimens of P. brachyurus) and four periods of evaluation (60, 75, 90 and 105 days after inoculation), with five repetitions. The soybean cultivars at use were: MG/BR 46 (Conquista), FMT Tabarana and TMG 115 RR. The inoculation followed different population levels. The evaluations occurred according to the period after the inoculations, amounting to the reproduction factor calculus. The second experiment was carried out in a factorial scheme 3x3, corresponding to cultivars (MG/BR 46 (Conquista), FMT Tabarana and TMG 115 RR) and containers (plastic vessels, ceramic vessels and small tubes) with six repetitions. The inoculum level used was of 600 specimens of nematodes per plant with evaluation at 90 days after inoculation. In the third experiment, the soybean genotypes tested were these ones: three lineages (UFUS 17, UFUS 02/Brown and UFUS 02) and twelve cultivars (UFUS Mineira, UFUS Uberlândia, UFUS Richness, UFUS Tikuna, UFUS Guarani, UFUS Carajás, UFUS Guará, UFUS Bahia, BRSMT Pintado (witness of11 susceptibility), MG/BR 46 (Conquista) (witness of resistance), FMT-Tabarana and TMG 115 RR) regarding the reaction to M. javanica, M. incognita and P. brachyurus. The design used was entirely randomized with 15 treatments and six repetitions. The inoculation process occurred about seven days after sowing with initial population of 600 specimens, to P. brachyurus with evaluation at 90 days and 5,000 eggs and juveniles to M. incognita and M. javanica with evaluation at 60 days. During both experiments the following variables were analyzed: SPAD reading, plant height, stem diameter, fresh and dry weight of the aerial part of the plants, root weight and reproduction factor. Every soybean genotype tested was susceptible, with FR varying from 8.33 to 23.18 to M. javanica and 6.16 to 23.0 to M. incognita. Genotypes UFUS 02 Brown and UFUS Tikuna showed FR lower than one to P. brachyurus. The ideal period for evaluation was between 75 to 89 days after inoculation, with 625 to 961 nematodes per plant. The containers used did not matter in the reproduction factor.
Características produtivas e nutricionais de gramíneas forrageiras em condições de excesso e déficit hídrico
(Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2013-01-12) Kroth, Bruna Elusa; Silva, Edna Maria Bonfim da; 960.432.454-34; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8660058048761423; Silva, Edna Maria Bonfim da; 960.432.454-34; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8660058048761423; Koetz, Marcio; 892.874.600-00; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8918968565917194; Teixeira, Marconi Batista; 028.530.536-01; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6394236673481626
The drought and the flooding can cause reduction in the availability and quality of pastures. The objective was to evaluate the development of three cultivars of Brachiaria brizantha under soil water availability. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the University Campus Rondonópolis. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 3x3 factorial with three cultivars brizantha (cv. Marandu, cv. Piatã and cv. Xaraés)and three water availability, being flooded soil (0 kPa), field capacity (10 kPa, control) and drought (50 kPa), 5 replicates. The soil used was Fluvic, being held fertilization with phosphorus and potassium in doses of 250 and 100 mg dm-3, respectively, and applied 200 mg dm-3 nitrogen applications in four installments. Evaluations were performed at 45, 75 and 105 days of treatment installation. The variables studied were plant height, chlorophyll content, number of leaves, dry weight of leaves, stems, shoots and roots, leaf/stem ratio, relative dry mass of shoots and roots, soil pH and concentration nitrogen. The results were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test at 5% probability by statistical program SISVAR. The Marandu was the most tolerant to flooding, followed by Piatã. The Xaraés proved to be much more sensitive to drought and the flooding. The highest concentration of nitrogen occurred in the treatment of water deficit. The cultivar with the highest nitrogen concentration was the Piatã, however not the deferred Xaraés.
Semeadura cruzada de soja em sistemas de manejo do solo
(Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2013-07-02) Menezes, Patricia Candida de; Polizel, Analy Castilho; 038.896.476-69; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0565510253501855; Polizel, Analy Castilho; 038.896.476-69; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0565510253501855; Mion, Renildo Luiz; 034.525.757-05; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8030830142710133; Silva, Edna Maria Bonfim da; 960.432.454-34; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8660058048761423; Silva, Antonio Renan Berchol da; 170.646.448-78; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2333811641463586
The challenge is to increase agricultural production while avoiding the opening of new areas. An alternative is to increase productivity through research and development of new technologies. The spatial arrangement of plants promoted by sowing crossed of soybeans may contribute to this increase. Given the above, we sought to evaluate the performance of soybean sown of crossed shape in tillage systems. The experimental design was a split plot, with the corresponding portions of the systems of tillage and subplots to sowing soybeans types. Each treatment had six replicates. The tillage systems were: conventional tillage, reduced tillage and no-tillage. The soybean sowing was carried out in a conventional manner, with parallel lines, and so crossed, where the sower went twice in the same area in perpendicular directions. The cultivar TMG 123 RR. Evaluations consisted in checking the severity of the rust, agronomic characteristics and operational performance of machines . The lower severity of rust was observed in the no-tillage and conventional tillage with conventional sowing. The sowing crossed of soybeans had higher plant height at flowering, maturation and first pod, grain yield in no-tillage system and demanded higher fuel consumption and energy demand.
Fosfato natural na adubação do capim piatã em latossolo vermelho do cerrado
(Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2013-11-08) Rezende, Cristina Gonçalves Barbosa; Silva, Edna Maria Bonfim da; 960.432.454-34; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8660058048761423; Silva, Edna Maria Bonfim da; 960.432.454-34; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8660058048761423; Souza, Alexandre Lima de; 816.861.706-10; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2182780077626286; Guedes Filho, Osvaldo; 051.741.086-93; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9177335062472972; Silva, Tonny José Araújo da; 781.203.064-49; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0651075688988405
The Oxisols have high phosphorus fixation capacity due to the acidity and the source material. That makes phosphate fertilization be fundamental for this would not be a limiting factor in the establishment and production of pastures. The natural phosphate is alternative to pasture fertilization, presenting lower cost per unit of P2O5 and high residual effect of the element in the soil. Thus, aimed to by the present study was to evaluate the effect of rock phosphate as a source of phosphorus in the development and production of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Piatã in Cerrado Oxisol. The experiment was conducted in the greenhouse of the University campus Rondonópolis Federal University of Mato Grosso. The treatments were constituted by application of 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 mg dm-3 of phosphorus (P2O5) disposed in a completely randomized and design with eight replications. Were evaluated the heigh to plants, chlorophyll content, leaf number, tiller number, leaf dry weight, shoot dry mass, dry mass of stem, leaf / stem ratio, root dry weight and soil pH. The results were submitted to analysis of variance by F test at 5% probability, and when was significant performed regression study for phosphorus dose 5% probability, by means of the statistical SISVAR. The values found for height were: 80,04; 90,69 and 66,73 cm obtained with doses of 378,13; 300 and 338,33 mg dm-³ respectively for the three cuts. The number of tillers in the first two cuts were 33 and 43 tillers pot-1 for phosphorus doses of 382,35 and 366,67 mg dm-3. The natural phosphate positively influences the development and production of grass Piatã cultivated in Cerrado Oxisol.
Feijão caupi submetido à inoculação com rizóbio e cultivado em latossolo do cerrado matrogrossense
(Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2013-12-03) Frigo, Gislane Renata; Silva, Edna Maria Bonfim da; 960.432.454-34; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8660058048761423; Guimarães, Salomão Lima; 925.317.505-25; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9250168755115649; Guimarães, Salomão Lima; 925.317.505-25; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9250168755115649; Polizel, Analy Castilho; 038.896.476-69; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0565510253501855; Ferreira, Joilson Silva; 930.102.145-53; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7588829758513660
This study aimed to evaluate the productive characteristics of cowpea inoculated with rhizobia strains and grown in Oxisol of the Cerrado of Mato Grosso. Two experiments in laboratory and the other in the field were performed. The laboratory experiment consisted of phenotypic analysis of rhizobia which were used as inocula. The experiment was conducted in the experimental farm of the Federal University of Mato Grosso, campus Rondonópolis - MT, in a randomized complete block design with seven treatments, five strains of Rhizobium (four belonging to the culture collection of UFMT, and a commercial strain BR 3267), a witness to nitrogen fertilization (75 kg N ha - 1) and a control (without inoculation or mineral fertilization), with six replicates, totaling forty two experimental units . At 40 days after sowing (DAS ) were collected from six plants of the floor area of each plot to determine the variables plant height, dry weight of shoots and roots, total dry weight, number of nodules, nodule dry mass and SPAD reading and total N of roots and shoots. In corresponding to the seed formation, at 60 DAS, period SPAD reading was performed again. At the end of the cycle relative efficiency of strains of rhizobia, weight of hundred grains, total N of shoots and roots of grain and crude protein were evaluated . Data were subjected to analysis of variance and the means were compared by Tukey test at 5 % probability, using the statistical analysis program SISVAR. The results of the laboratory experiment were acceptable for all five strains tested, all developed well in relation to the parameters analyzed. Regarding the strains used in the field experiment showed that the best results for number of nodules was the C15 strain, for the determination of nitrogen in plant tissue and grain, the strain that obtained the most satisfactory results was the strain RZ23. The commercial strain BR3267 showed greater dry mass of shoots and roots. Already nitrogen control presented higher means for SPAD readings at 40 DAS, plant height of dry mass of shoot and total.14 Inoculation with rhizobia strains contributed to the development of cowpea grown in the Cerrado of Mato Grosso.
Cinza vegetal como corretivo e fertilizante no cultivo de capim-marandu em solos do cerrado mato-grossense
(Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2013-12-06) Bezerra, Maria Débora Loiola; Silva, Edna Maria Bonfim da; 960.432.454-34; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8660058048761423; Silva, Edna Maria Bonfim da; 960.432.454-34; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8660058048761423; Polizel, Analy Castilho; 038.896.476-69; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0565510253501855; Silva, Ênio Farias de França e; 683.787.264-87; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1144266495720148
The vegetable ash is one alternative of fertilizant and corrective of soil positively influencing the production of marandu grass. The objective was to evaluate the response of Brachiaria brizanta cv. Marandu to the application of vegetable ash in two class of soils (Oxisol and Ultisol). The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in the period December 2012 to May 2013. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2x6 factorial, corresponding to two classes of soils (Oxisol and Ultisol) and six doses of vegetable ash (0; 3; 6; 9; 12 and 15 g dm-3) and six replications. We used pots with soil volume of 5 dm3 with five plants. Were made three cuts in shoot of the plants in an interval of 30 days and by occasion of each cutting was evaluated height plant, number of leaves and of tillers; shoot dry mass of leaves, stems and root (only in the third and last cut); leafs/stems ratio; SPAD reading; pH of the soil by occasion of planting and of cuts marandu grass. The results were submitted to analysis of variance by F test and when significant, the qualitative factors (soil classes) submitted to the Tukey test and the quantitative factors (doses of vegetable ash) submitted to regression analysis, both 5% probability, using the Statistical Program SISVAR. The marandu grass, in general, presented greater results in development, growth and yield when grown in Ultisol fertilized with the dose of 15 g dm-3 of vegetable ash, whereas in Oxisol were obtained in the interval of doses of vegetable ash of 9-15 g dm-3.
Capim marandu submetido à inoculação com bactérias diazotróficas associativas em latossolo vermelho de cerrado
(Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2013-12-09) Santos, Carolina Silva Alves dos; Guimarães, Salomão Lima; 925.317.505-25; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9250168755115649; Guimarães, Salomão Lima; 925.317.505-25; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9250168755115649; Campos, Daniela Tiago da Silva; 823.324.871-15; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9325411594216293; Silva, Edna Maria Bonfim da; 960.432.454-34; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8660058048761423; Canuto, Erineudo de Lima; 740.472.643-34; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0853144858345068
Due to the quest for ways more viable and economical of supply nitrogen for the forage grasses, inoculation with associative endophytic diazotrophic bacteria is a potential alternative, because it contributes positively to the nutrition of plants, reducing the use of nitrogen fertilizers and will benefiting thus the adoption of this technology in the agricultural environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate nutrition, development and production of grass marandu submitted to the inoculation with diazotrophic bacteria in Oxisol of Cerrado. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Federal University of Mato Grosso, Campus of Rondonópolis, from December 2012 to March 2013, with a completely randomized design, composed by six treatments (three strains belonging to the collection of crops, similar to the Azospirillum amazonense, Herbaspirillum spp., and Burkholderia spp., respectively, and one commercial inoculant (formed by the composition of the strains ABV-5 and ABV-6 Azospirillum brasilense) completes fertilization (N, P, K, at doses of 100, 200 and 150 mg dm-3 respectively), control (no nitrogen and without inoculation) and five replications. Each parcel was composed per a vase of 8 dm3, totaling 30 parcels. The sowing was carried with fifteen seeds per pot, leaving themselves posteriorly five plants per pot. The inoculation was made by mean of the insertion of an aliquot of 3 mL of bacterial broth containing 108 cells ml-1 in the soil near the root area of each plant. Were perfomed three cuts in shoot of the plants at intervals of 30 days. After each cut, was taken the re-inoculation of the bacteria, so as to the nitrogen and potassium fertilization. The variables analyzed were plant height, number of leaves and tillers, dry mass of leaves and tillers, chlorophyll content Falker, pH of the soil, relation leaf/stem, relation shoot/root and concentration of nitrogen in the shoots and roots and concentration of crude protein. The results weresubmitted to analysis of variance and for separation of averages was used Tukey test at 5% probability of error. Significant effects were isolated and significant interaction between inoculation and cuts for most variables, with the bacteria that stood out were similar to strains of Burkholderia spp, Amazon Azospirillum and Herbaspirillum spp bacteria. with higher average dry mass of shoots (26.6, 22.05 and 22.75) compared to the control treatment.Therefore the inoculation of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu with diazotrophic bacteria can contribute positively in their nutrition, production and development suggesting that the use of inoculants may be promising in reducing of the application of nitrogen fertilizers employed on forage grasses.
Sistemas de semeadura e manejo do solo no desenvolvimento da cultura da soja
(Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2013-12-11) Ormond, Antonio Tassio Santana; Mion, Renildo Luiz; 034.525.757-05; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8030830142710133; Polizel, Analy Castilho; 038.896.476-69; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0565510253501855; Polizel, Analy Castilho; 038.896.476-69; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0565510253501855; Mion, Renildo Luiz; 034.525.757-05; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8030830142710133; Guimarães, Geovane Lima; 684.690.805-63; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6882737457949719
The manipulation the line spacing and plant density, aims to establish the most adequate arrangement to obtain greater productivity and adaptation to mechanized harvest. The present study aimed to evaluate the agronomic characteristics, and the operational performance of agricultural machines in the different systems soil tillage systems and soybean sowing. The experiment was conducted in field conditions in OXISOL. It was used three systems soil tillage (conventional tillage, reduced and no-tillage) and three sowing systems for soybean (conventional sowing, cross-sowing and dense sowing). The parameters evaluated were: Severity and number of pustules cm-2 of Asian rust, number of days to maturity, plant height at flowering maturation and insertion of first pod; plant population, grain yield; weight of 100 grains; chlorophyll index, stomatal density and bulk density; energetic demand of agricultural machinery. After the statistical analysis it was verified that the variables: plant height at flowering, plant population and grain yield obtained the highest performance using reduced tillage with dense sowing system. For variables insertion heights of first pod, stomatal density and number of pustule cm-2 the satisfactory results were observed with the interaction of reduced tillage of soil x cross sowing. For the severity of Asian rust and plant height at maturity interaction tillage x dense sowing showed the best results. The no-tillage system obtained the lowest energy demand and lower fuel consumption.
Construção, automação e avaliação de um lisímetro de pesagem hidráulica
(Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2013-12-12) Silva, Jeremias Caetano da; Silva, Tonny José Araújo da; 781.203.064-49; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0651075688988405; Silva, Tonny José Araújo da; 781.203.064-49; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0651075688988405; Viliotti, Carlos Alberto; 081.862.308-07; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1680184849424627; Silva, Ênio Farias de França e; 683.787.264-87; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1144266495720148
This paper describes the construction procedures, automation and evaluation of a hydraulic weighing lysimeter for obtaining measurements of evapotranspiration in the region Rondonópolis - MT, the positions in SAD 69 ( South American Datum ) system are latitude 16°2’’15’ south and 54°38’’08’ west longitude at an altitude of 284 m. The measurements obtained in lysimeters with those obtained by the following methods Jensen - Haise, Penman-Monteith and Tank Class A. The lysimeter with an area of 1 m2 and 0.7 m deep, was constructed with iron plate. The same was coated by a jacket filled with concrete layer and 0.10 m of soil, the first layer being filled with gravel, containing within it three PVC pipes sieved, to facilitate drainage of water in the inner container and central tube to monitor soil moisture. After filling the lysimeter calibration was done with the addition and removal of weights 1 kg. Were also installed in the same area an automatic weather station, a device data acquisition (datalloger) and class A pan Periods of meteorological records of this work comprise of 01/08/2013 to 31/10/2013. With the results we conclude the relationship between the difference of standard weights 1 kg and the reading recorded at the gauge as the sensor were linear with (R2 = 0.99) in both the calibration and with central point load cells or load vertices of the same showed high stability of the readings. The calibration coefficient (k) for the datalogger was 1.017 and the average positional error was 4.09%. Daily measurements obtained by lysimeter ETo that best correlated with the estimated values were the Penman-Monteith (R2= 0.56) and compared with the estimates of Jensen Haise the coefficient of determination was (R2= 0.36) and the Class A pan (R2= 0.48).
Alface americana submetida à adubação nitrogenada e tensões de água no solo em ambiente protegido
(Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2013-12-13) Carvalho, Kassio dos Santos; Silva, Edna Maria Bonfim da; 960.432.454-34; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8660058048761423; Koetz, Marcio; 892.874.600-00; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8918968565917194; Koetz, Marcio; 892.874.600-00; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8918968565917194; Guedes Filho, Osvaldo; 051.741.086-93; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9177335062472972; Teixeira, Marconi Batista; 028.530.536-01; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6394236673481626
Lettuce is a culture demanding in water consumption and the irrigation appropriate management is major, as well as nitrogen fertilization because nitrogen is a nutrient that stimulates plant development. This study aimed to evaluate the effect, isolated and associated soil water tensions and nitrogen levels applied in a Grossense Mato Cerrado of red oxisol with the development of the culture of lettuce under controlled conditions. The experiment was conducted in pots with capacity for 7 dm3 of soil end in greenhouse. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 4x5 factorial design, with 20 treatments (15, 30, 45, and 60 kPa soil water tension and 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg dm-3 nitrogen) and four replications. The nitrogen source used to urea and tensions were controlled by tensiometers installed at 10 cm depth in the experimental units fertilized with 100 mg dm-3 nitrogen. The analyzed variables were: leaves and total aerial parts of green weight, of leaves number, weight dry leaf, total and root, chlorophyll content, of plant height and leaf area. The results were subjected to analysis of variance and when significant regression, both 5% probability. In general, the further development of variable of leaves green weight and total dry mass of leaves, root and total of number leaves and leaf area was observed in the soil water tension of 15 kPa. The biggest plant height and chlorophyll content was checked with application 66.75 and 107.67 mg dm-3 of nitrogen, respectively. The root dry weight decreased with increasing nitrogen fertilization. The chlorophyll content and root dry weight showed interaction between the water tension in the soil and the nitrogen.

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