Resistência à força de compressão e análise de raio X das sementes de algodão
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Data
2019-02-26
Autores
Martins, Myllena Teixeira
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Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso
Resumo
Cotton is one of the main growing crops in Brazil and in the world, so we continually
seek to increase productivity and improve fiber quality. The parameters of fiber
quality are affected by the presence of contaminants, especially the seed coat
fragments (SCF) that cause great problems in the textile industry during the spinning
and dyeing of the fabric. SCFs are parts of seed coatings that have been broken off
from the surface of mature or immature seeds during mechanical processing. There
are few studies that indicate the possible causes of the origin of these contaminants,
being it can be genetic or due to the mechanical processes. The objective of this
study was to correlate the compression force with the x-ray analyzes of cotton seeds.
The cotton varieties used were: FM 940 GLT, IMA 7201 B2RF, IMA 6501 B2RF,
TMG 47 B2RF, IMA 2140, IMA 2129, IMA 7501 WS, and FM 975 WS. The
compression test was carried out in the electrotechnical laboratory of the Federal
University of Rondonópolis, with the aid of a universal testing machine. For this, each
sample remained for 7 days inside a BOD with relative humidity at 65% ± 2 and
temperature at 20 ° C ± 1. During the compression test, the seeds were placed
horizontally between parallel plates and each seed was analyzed individually. The
force and strain data were obtained through the break point of the curve formed
during the test. Then, radiographic images of the cotton seeds were produced by the
X-ray equipment LX-60 of the Faxitron X-Ray Corporation in the Laboratory of Seed
Analysis of the Federal Goiano-Rio Verde Institute. Afterwards, the images were
analyzed in the Tomato Analyzer and ImageJ software to verify the free space
between the integument and the area containing the embryonic and cotyledon axis
and to measure the thickness of the integument, respectively. The experimental
design was completely random, with eight treatments and four replicates of 25 seeds,
totaling 32 plots. The results were submitted to analysis of variance, and the means
comparison was done by the Scott-Knott test at 5% of probability using the SISVAR
program and finally the Pearson correlation was applied between the analyzed
variables. It was concluded that there was a positive correlation between the rupture
force and the thickness of the seed coat and between the density and the free area
inside the seeds. Thus, seeds with thicker tegument are more resistant to
fragmentation and the density is associated with the quality and volume of the seeds
and consequently with their internal filling that is determined according to the degree
of development of the embryonic axis and cotyledon.
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MARTINS, Myllena Teixeira. Resistência à força de compressão e análise de raio X das sementes de algodão. 2019. 72 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia Agrícola) - Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnológicas, Rondonópolis, 2019.