Os ritmos e a produção do espaço de Jataí (GO) : do rural ao urbano
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Data
2021-07-01
Autores
Oliveira, Eliardo Miranda
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Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso
Resumo
Jataí is a municipality located in the southwestern portion of the state of Goiás and its
emergence was rooted in the expansion of agricultural activities. Since its formation, it
has undergone numerous changes that impacted the growth rates of both rural and
urban spaces, also reflecting on the lives of its population. Given the context explained,
this study sought to understand the production and reorganization of space in the
municipality of Jataí-GO, with a view to identifying the factors related to the distribution
and concentration of rural and urban properties, taking into account the use of rural
land and the conditioning agents for real estate speculation and urban segregation
present in Jataí. For this, a bibliographical research on the subject was carried out,
which subsidized the theoretical discussions and supported many data presented
throughout this study. Therefore, it was based on authors such as Lefebvre (1993),
Côrrea (2003), Melo (2003), Silva (2005), Silva (2009), Silva (2011), Tarifa and Sette
(2012), Moureaux (2013), Fonseca (2014), Oliveira (2016), Portela and Tarifa (2017),
among others. In addition, a survey of quantitative data was carried out with the IBGE,
SICAR, EMBRAPA, the City Hall of Jataí, among others. This study allowed us to verify
that there were many changes that the city has undergone since its formation until the
present day. Among these changes, one can start by dealing with the environmental
issue: between the 1960s and 2018, Jataí had a drastic reduction in its natural
vegetation, directly affecting the local fauna and flora. While in the mid-1960s the native
vegetation made up 47.48% of the total area of the municipality, in the period of 2018
it started to make up only 9.76%, extending into small patches, mainly close to water
bodies. This reduction in the areas of native vegetation was accompanied by the
expansion of agricultural activities and also by the population growth of Jataí. Still in
relation to the Jataiense soil, it was identified that, in 2020, 99.49% of it was composed
of rural areas, which are still concentrated in the hands of a few. In this regard, it was
found that in 2010 some groups still owned most of the rural properties in Jataí, among
which were the surnames linked to the pioneer families Carvalho and Vilela, who
owned, in that period, 23.88% and 4.48% of rural properties, respectively. As for the
control of urban properties, it was identified that these surnames occupied the seventh
and twentieth position, respectively. Regarding the accumulation ranges of urban
properties in Jataí, it was possible to verify that these surnames were in 1st and 8th
place. Thinking about the spatialization of different properties in the urban space of
Jataí, it became evident that the noblest properties, that is, those aimed at the
population with a better income, are located in strategic points of the city, namely:
places with higher and lower altitudes slopes. These points, in addition to having a
better infrastructure, have the characteristics of having higher sales values, limiting
their access and their audience. On the other hand, the places with the highest slopes
and with the lowest altitudes, in general, have lower venal values and are, therefore,
the spaces where low-income populations reside. In view of this, it was observed that
socio-spatial segregation is present in Jataí, requiring the development of public
policies that minimize this economic and social dichotomy observed in the municipality
and which is increasingly responsible for the increase in poverty, prejudice and social
exclusion.
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OLIVEIRA, Eliardo Miranda. Os ritmos e a produção do espaço de Jataí (GO): do rural ao urbano. 2021. 119 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Geografia) - Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Rondonópolis, 2021.