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    Análise espacial da exposição humana aos agrotóxicos e a mortalidade por câncer na microrregião Sul do estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil
    (Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2019-09-13) Pimentel, Cauê Felipe; Olinda, Ricardo Alves de; 029.035.004-28; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7767223263366578; Olinda, Ricardo Alves de; 029.035.004-28; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7767223263366578; Barbosa, Domingos Sávio; 702.907.921-34; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6896725721269796; Santos, Débora Aparecida da Silva; 707.499.571-15; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9193787723474678
    The use of pesticides represents a major public health problem in developing countries, especially those with economies based on agribusiness such as Brazil. It is inherent the possibility of presence in the environment in general, exposing humans to direct and indirect contact with these substances, which through the conceptual model of risk, it is possible to establish the correlation between agricultural production, human exposure to pesticides and cancer. This study aimed to perform the spatial analysis of human exposure to pesticides and to establish a correlation with cancer mortality in the Mato Grosso southern micro region. This is an ecological, cross-sectional epidemiological study through spatial analysis of indicators of agricultural productivity (percentage of planted area by soybean, corn and cotton) and the correlation with health indicators (mortality and cancer mortality rate) and socioeconomic (Population Density, HDI and Gini Index) from 2006 to 2016. In the spatial analysis an exploratory analysis was performed to characterize the distribution of cancer mortality in the study micro region. Next spatial statistical techniques, spatial autocorrelation, Geary C statistics, Moran Index and Local Indicators of Spacial Association (LISA), Global Moral Index, and Moran scattering diagram were used. To verify the best explanatory model of variables association, four regression models were applied: the classical regression model, the autoregressive spatial model, the spatial error model and the Durbin spatial model, using Akaike’s information criterion to select the model that best fits the data adjustment. The analyzes were performed using the R statistical software. The results showed the highest significance in the Spearman correlation test at 5% for the percentage of cotton planted area, followed by the percentage area planted by soybean as a function of cancer mortality. Spatial regression analysis allowed a statistically significant correlation between the agricultural productivity variable (percentage of soybean planted area) and the socioeconomic variable (population density) with cancer mortality in the micro region under study. Therefore, the use of epidemiology and spatial statistics contributes to the establishment of the correlation between the environment and exposure to pesticides and provides useful information in environmental management combined with the processes of producing a green economy and in the health management and surveillance process.
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    Gestão do dano ambiental e interdisciplinariedade : desenvolvimento de aplicativo para apresentar a arbitragem como opção heterocompositiva de solução do conflito ambiental
    (Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2022-02-10) Fernandes, Tereza de Assis; Piedade, Antônio Sergio Cordeiro; 993.367.409-97; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0161025890665450; Silva, Normandes Matos da; 614.673.591-49; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2644207249389541; Silva, Normandes Matos da; 614.673.591-49; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2644207249389541; Barbosa, Domingos Sávio; 702.907.921-34; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6896725721269796; Souza, Carlos Eduardo Silva e; 899.546.961-72; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2389881327796689
    The principle of maximum protection of the environment calls for adequate management strategies for environmental damage. Extrajudicial solutions focused on the integral repair of the natural environment are in line with the ideals of the Public Prosecutor's Office and with the attribution of defending the environment. For situations in which there is no extrajudicial consensus with the polluter and with the objective of presenting a strategy for managing environmental damage, the research carried out at first a literature review in order to analyze the possibility of environmental arbitration in conflict situations. With the conclusion of the first phase, in the second moment the research created a tool to transmit knowledge and popularize in formal and informal education the arbitration institute and the thesis of the possibility of environmental arbitration. With this objective, the dissertation developed a computerized technological product for primary use in mobile devices, called "Arbitration", in tune with the logic of citizen science, with the foundations of the National Environmental Education Policy and with the Sustainable Development Goal - SDG of the UN-Brazil 2030 Agenda nº 4, which deals with environmental education, and nº 16, which deals with peace, justice and effective institutions.
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    Prospecção de metabólitos especiais com potencial antimicrobiano produzidos por fungos endofíticos associados à gramínea Axonopus Leptostachyus (Flüggé) Hitchc (Poaceae)
    (Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2020-03-31) Neponuceno, Ricardo Aparecido Rodrigues; Teles, Helder Lopes; 101.296.138-94; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5902911518497333; Teles, Helder Lopes; 101.296.138-94; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5902911518497333; Ribeiro, Tereza Auxiliadora Nascimento; 030.639.426-00; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1866455078888688; Oliveira, Camila Martins de; 270.381.258-26; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0897793846591143
    Endophytic fungi contribute considerably to the production of bioactive metabolites of great economic value and with several applications, such as antibiotics and agrochemistry. In this context, the present work aimed to perform the isolation, purification and structural elucidation of secondary metabolites produced by endophytic fungi associated with Axonopus leptostachyus, aiming at the search for substances with potential antimicrobial action. In this way, 64 endophytes isolated from A. leptostachyus, were submitted to assays to evaluate antimicrobial activity, against 5 strains of bacteria and 5 of human pathogenic candida, semi-quantified and classified into groups of high (AIA), medium (MAI) and low (BAI) inhibitory activity. Additionally, six selected endophytes were also evaluated for the detection of possible antagonists of the phytopathogen Corynespora cassicola. The results of the bioassays added to the multivariate analysis allowed the selection of the endophytic fungi with the best potential for obtaining the bioactive metabolites, with Microsphaeropsis arundinis (P21) being the only one that showed excellent activity in relation to all tests. Against pathogenic bacteria and candida, the fungi Talaromyces varreculosus (P24), Gongronella butleri (P48), Penicillium javanicum (P70) and the unidentified endophyte (P4) stood out with the best antimicrobial activities. The tests also identified that Cladosporum flabelliforme (P5) and Neocosmospora strita (P28) showed excellent activities against pathogenic candida and phytopathogen, while Fusarium succisae (P59) and Fusarium oxysporum (P61) stood out only with activity for C. cassicola. After the bioassays, the endophytes with the best potentials were submitted to cultivation in PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) and minimal medium, in a reduced and enlarged scale. In the PDA medium, the endophytes were grown in 100 mL of medium (5 Petri dishes) under incubation at 37 °C for 15 to 23 days. Pieces with PDA and mycelia were randomly cut and macerated for 24 h with 150 mL of ethyl acetate (EtOAc). The EtOAc phase was vacuum filtered, concentrated in a rotary evaporator and dried in an air jet, obtaining the crude extracts EtOAc. In the minimal medium, the fungi grew in duplicate of 200 mL under incubation and orbital shaking for 20 days. Then, the micellar suspension was filtered, partitioned with EtOAc, and dried to obtain the crude extracts. In sequence, the extracts from the screening and growth stages on a larger scale were solubilized and analyzed using HPLC-PDA (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography – Photodiode Array) and 1H NMR (Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance). After analysis, the P5, P21 and P28 endophytes were chosen for the chromatographic fractionation of their extracts, aiming at the isolation of the compounds responsible for the detected activities. The isolated substances were analyzed using 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, gCOSY, gHMBC and gHSQC for the identification or elucidation of their structures. The fractionation of the EtOAc extract of C. flabelliforme (P5) resulted in the isolation of a compound in Tr 26 min. (FR1.16- 17.fim.3), not yet identified. The study of M. arundinis (P21) allowed the identification of a benzolactonic dimer (1), an unprecedented molecular structure for the genus Microsphaeropsis. For the fungus N. striata (P28), substances extracted from the PDA medium were isolated, such as the monorden (radicicol), a lactonic derivative of resorcylic acid (2), and the compounds in fractions FR4.fim.4, FR6.1, FR6.3, FR6.5 and FR1.precipitate, not yet identified, as well as a substance extracted from the minimal medium, under study for structural identification (3).
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    Uso de imagens aéreas de alta resolução espacial para a detecção e caracterização de processos erosivos
    (Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2020-03-17) Weis, Maíra Guarlot; Silva, Normandes Matos da; 614.673.591-49; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2644207249389541; Silva, Normandes Matos da; 614.673.591-49; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2644207249389541; Mioto, Camila Leonardo; 060.028.399-94; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2846355335199799; Bolognez, Anny Keli Aparecida Alves Cândido; 014.959.971-46; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9425404181564784
    Space technologies have allowed productivity gains and an improvement in cost-benefit, being the case of most activities that depend on a spatio-temporal analysis of their occupation on the Earth's surface. Even with all the technological advances, georeferenced images still present positional uncertainties and, therefore, their quality must be evaluated in order to increase the accuracy of the generated products. In Brazil, this assessment can be made from the Cartographic Accuracy Standard for Digital Cartographic Products (PECPCD) defined by the Technical Specification for the Acquisition of Vector Geospatial Data (ET-ADGV) (DSG, 2011), being based on the Standard of Cartographic Accuracy (PEC) defined in Decree-Law no. 89,817 of 1984, which regulates the classification of products as to their accuracy. In this work, the objective was to use control points collected with a GNSS receiver to reduce the uncertainties / positional errors of georeferenced images in order to contribute to the search for functional and dynamic forms of management, control and environmental recovery. The study area is located in the northeastern region of the municipality of Rondonópolis - MT, with approximately 77 hectares. For the mapping of the area, aerial photographs of high spatial resolution were used, obtained by means of an RPA model DJI Phantom 4 Pro, and six control points were collected in the area using a GNSS Topcon Hiper V receiver. Data processing was performed using the Agisoft Metashape Professional software. As a final product, the Digital Terrain Model - MDT was obtained together with the level curves and, for comparative purposes, two processing reports were generated, one before the insertion of the support points and the other containing the points. The insertion of the control points significantly decreased the projection errors contained in the referenced images, whereas before the total error in the x, y and z axes was estimated at 8.507m and after the insertion the error became 0.191m.
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    Desenvolvimento de aplicativo para dispositivo móvel orientado para a gestão dos custos de projetos de recomposição de áreas degradadas e alteradas
    (Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2022-02-11) Boldrin, Jeferson Lamartine; Silva, Normandes Matos da; 614.673.591-49; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2644207249389541; Silva, Normandes Matos da; 614.673.591-49; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2644207249389541; Mioto, Camila Leonardo; 060.028.399-94; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2846355335199799; Souza, Antonio Pancracio de; 488.988.481-53; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4947670630701723
    The innovation research presents the development of an instrument that helps professionals in the restoration of degraded and/or altered areas. This innovation occurred through the adaptation of the methodology of IBAMA's Technical Note 40/2019, which estimates the costs of various management techniques in Brazilian biomes, moving from a static file in "PDF" format to a dynamic system oriented to mobile devices. To characterize the application, the following parameters were considered: Mobility, Accessibility, Interactivity and Relevance, with the goal of reducing risks in estimating the costs of a PRADA. These parameters guided the construction of an application for smartphones with the Andriod system, agile, easy to use that allows professionals to equalize the costs of their projects with a greater degree of assertiveness. The cost spreadsheet of environmental restoration techniques by biome was converted, which previously only existed in PDF format, to an application used on mobile devices using the Kodular platform. The information obtained in the field is saved in the device and later allocated in a database where the user can have access. The application, based on the parameters, provides a list of the techniques available for the chosen biome, which, recorded for a specific budget number, generates a list of the chosen services with their values and the total cost. It is expected that the research will collaborate with the projects for the recovery of degraded areas, so that they are more assertive, in terms of projecting the costs of the management actions established, contributing to the reduction of environmental liabilities, as well as complying with the rules of the Forest Code.