Sistemas de produção de soja em plantio direto com calagem superficial e seus efeitos na dinâmica de nematoides, atributos químicos e biológicos do solo
Data
2020-07-31
Autores
Silva, Rayane Gabriel da
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Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso
Resumo
The indiscriminate adoption of superficial liming can cause imbalances
in the chemical and biological attributes of soil, nematode dynamics and crop yields,
the intensity of which depends on the limestone rate and the production system
adopted. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of superficial liming in
long-term no-tillage production systems on the chemical and biological attributes of
soil, nematode populations and soybean and off-season corn yields in the 10th and
11th year of experiment conduction. The experiment was installed in the 2008/2009
seasons crop in Itiquira – Mato Grosso State, in Cerrado dystrophic Red Latosol
(Oxisol) with clay texture. The experimental design used was complete randomized
blocks with treatments arranged in a split plot design, with four replications. The plots
were consisted of three production systems (monoculture, succession and crop
rotation) and the subplots by four rates of superficial dolomitic limestone (0.0; 2.0; 4.0
and 8.0 Mg ha-1). Results were submitted to univariate and multivariate analysis of
variance, comparing the averages of production systems by Tukey test (p<0.05) and
limestone rates analyzed by regression. The succession of soybean-millet and crop
rotation provided higher levels of exchangeable calcium and magnesium and resulted
in higher biological quality soil (organic matter and β-glucosidase and arylsulfatase
enzyme activities) in the 0.0-0.1 m layer compared to soybean monoculture. Crop
rotation favored higher soybean yields and proved to be efficient in reducing viable and
unviable and female Heterodera glycines cysts in soil and root, however, it was not
effective in reducing the Helicotylenchus spp. populations. The increase in limestone
rates decreased the soybeans yield and Pratylenchus brachyurus and Helicotylenchus
spp. populations and increased the viable and unviable and female cysts of H. glycines
in the soil and soybean root.
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Citação
SILVA, Rayane Gabriel da. Sistemas de produção de soja em plantio direto com calagem superficial e seus efeitos na dinâmica de nematoides, atributos químicos e biológicos do solo. 2020. 110 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia Agrícola) - Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnológicas, Rondonópolis, 2020.