Estratégias de adubação no controle de plantas daninhas em sistemas integrados de produção agropecuária
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Data
2022-04-01
Autores
Correia, Éder Sequini
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Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso
Resumo
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of NPK fertilization strategies on
pasture and soybean crop in integrated agricultural production systems (LPIS) as a
possible way to control weeds and their effects on animal weight gain and soybean
productivity. The experiment was established in 2020 with the sowing of pasture
(Urochloa brizantha, cv. BRS Piatã) after the harvest of the soybean crop (Glycine
max, cv. BRASMAX Ultra IPRO) which is implanted annually in October in a no-tillage
system. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with four fertilization
strategies: (1) conventional fertilization (phosphate and potassium in the soybean crop
AC - N), (2) conventional fertilization + nitrogen fertilization in the pasture (AC + N), (3)
Pasture fertilization (phosphate and potassium in the AP - N pasture phase) and (4)
System fertilization (phosphate, potassium and nitrogen in the AS pasture phase). The
amounts of fertilizers applied were 100 kg of nitrogen ha-1 (320 kg ha-1 of ammonium
nitrate) in a single dose on the pasture, the phosphate and potassium fertilization was
72 kg of P2O5 ha-1 and 90 kg of K2O ha-1. The height of the pasture was regulated
by means of rotational grazing and variable stocking rate in the treatments, with an
average of 3.5 AU/ha, of Nelore beef steers aged 13 to 24 months, entry with 40 cm
of height. of the pasture, on 03/21/2020, removed 30 cm high from the pasture, on
07/17/2020. In the treatments that were carried out with the fertilization of NPK (AS)
and PK systems without N in the pasture phase (AP-N), there was a significant
reduction in the population and phytomass of the four main weed species collected:
Digitaria horizontalis (Capim-colchão), Eleusine indica (Chen-foot grass),
Chamaesyce hirta (Santa Luzia herb), Cyperus aggregatus (Cyperus). Nitrogen
fertilization as a weed management strategy and increases in animal and soybean
production is only justified when phosphate and potassium fertilization is applied in the
crop phase. Fertilization of NPK systems on pasture increases soybean productivity,
while animal weight gain is higher with PK fertilization on soybean with N on pasture.
The repositioning of phosphate and potassium fertilization in the pasture phase is
sufficient for the management of weeds both in the pasture and in the crop phase.
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CORREIA, Éder Sequini. Estratégias de adubação no controle de plantas daninhas em sistemas integrados de produção agropecuária. 2022. 43 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Zootecnia) - Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Campus Universitário de Rondonópolis, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnológicas, Rondonópolis, 2022.