Sistemas puros e integrados de produção agropecuária para melhoria da qualidade de solo arenoso no Cerrado
Carregando...
Data
2019-09-30
Autores
Oliveira, Rafael Loverde
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso
Resumo
Crop intercropping allows insertion of diversity in the system by cultivating two or
more crops simultaneously in the same area, thus including species variety, which
contributes to changes in decomposition rates, nutrient cycling and incorporation of
organic carbon, promoting increment in soil quality. In this sense, the aim of the present
study was to evaluate combinations of management systems with increasing levels of
crop diversity and rotation to improve the quality of sandy soils. The experiment was
installed in October 2017 in an experimental area of the Mato Grosso Cotton Institute in
the city of Rondonópolis / MT, with the implementation of six treatments that consisted of
combinations of soil management systems with increasing levels of plant diversity and
rotation, arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. T1: cotton in
summer followed by fallow; T2: summer soybean followed by corn in the fall; T3: single
pasture followed by intercropping corn in the fall; T4: pasture intercropped for 12 months;
T5: summer soybean followed by intercropping pasture; T6: soy in summer followed by
pasture intercropped with grazing animals in the fall. The greatest effect of the
management systems in the SOM was observed in the layers up to 10 cm deep, being
the treatments with greater diversity (T6) and time of U. ruziziensis permanence (T4) that
presented the best results for the evaluated attributes. Soil microbial biomass (SMB) was
impaired by the monoculture system (T1), presenting up to 12.7 times less carbon, while
maintaining high basal respiration, resulting in a metabolic quotient 20 times higher
compared to other systems. SMB nitrogen and enzymatic activity was higher in the
treatment with higher phytomass and culture residence time (T4). Principal component
analysis showed greater influence of SMB attributes and enzymatic activity on the
explanation of the total data variation. The character index showed T4 superiority in
improving soil quality, while the treatment with cotton monoculture (T1) presented the
worst attributes. Combinations of management systems with increasing levels of crop
diversity and rotation positively influenced the quality attributes of a Quartzipsamments
Entisols in the Cerrado of Mato Grosso.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Citação
OLIVEIRA, Rafael Loverde. Sistemas puros e integrados de produção agropecuária para melhoria da qualidade de solo arenoso no Cerrado. 2019. 53 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Gestão e Tecnologia Ambiental) - Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnológicas, Rondonópolis, 2019.