Amendoim inoculado com estirpes de rizóbio em latossolo do Cerrado mato-grossense
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Data
2017-02-24
Autores
Almeida, Milly Siqueira Cardinal de
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Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso
Resumo
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), is widely used in human consumption, consumed
worldwide, has high nutritional value and energy can around 40 to 50% of
unsaturated oils. Because it is a legume, it obtains greater part of nitrogen the
atmosphere, through the Biological Fixation of Nitrogen, which is the association,
these plants with bacteria known as rhizobia. The technique of inoculating peanut
seeds with bacteria has been responsible for significant cost savings, as well as
greater sustainability in agricultural production, to reduce the use of nitrogenous
fertilizers. Was evaluated the effectiveness of inoculation of rhizobia strains on
the development of peanut plants and their effect on nodulation along three soil
layers (0-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm) were evaluated in this work. The
conduction of this essay occurred in a greenhouse at the Federal University of
Mato Grosso, University Campus of the Rondonópolis-MT. The experimental
design was completely randomized with six treatments and six replicates,
consisting of three strains of rhizobia (MT08 and MT15 - Rhizobium tropici, and
MT16 - R. leguminosarum), one commercial inoculant (SEMIA 6144) and two
controls. An absolute witness (without fertilization) and another with nitrogen
fertilization (50 mg dm-3
of urea). The variables height of the plants, Falker
chlorophyll index at 30 and 50 days after emergence (DAE), number of nodules,
dry mass of nodules, dry mass of grains, sheet dry mass, dry mass of roots, dry
mass Total, N-total sheet and grains, crude protein of the grains. The results
were submitted to analysis of variance and the treatments were compared using
orthogonal contrast using the statistical program SISVAR. Peanut significantly
responded to treatments with inoculant from the rhizobia strains, the best being
obtained with the MT15 strain in the variables Falker chlorophyll index (at 30
days after emergence), number of nodules, shoot dry mass, dry mass of Roots,
total dry mass, nitrogen accumulation in the grains and relative efficiency. In the
variables dry mass of nodules and weight of 100 seeds, the strain that presented
better performance was the MT16. For the Falker chlorophyll index (50 days after
emergence), nitrogen accumulation in the aerial part, nitrogen concentration in
the grains and crude protein content of the grains, the plants fertilized with
mineral nitrogen presented superior performance to the other treatments. The
number of nodules, dry mass of nodules and dry mass of roots analyzed
separately per layer showed higher values in the 0-10 cm layer. It was concluded
that the strains showed potential for use as an inoculant for peanuts, especially
MT15, and that most of the nodulation occurs in the first two layers of 0-10cm
and 10-20cm in depth.
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ALMEIDA, Milly Siqueira Cardinal de. Amendoim inoculado com estirpes de rizóbio em latossolo do Cerrado mato-grossense. 2017. 73 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia Agrícola) - Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnológicas, Rondonópolis, 2017.